Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Oct 2014
Colonic diverticular hemorrhage associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, low-dose aspirin, antiplatelet drugs, and dual therapy.
The effects of various medications on lower gastrointestinal tract remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), low-dose aspirin, and antiplatelet drugs associated with diverticular bleeding. ⋯ Besides alcohol and smoking, NSAIDs, low-dose aspirin, and antiplatelet drugs are risk factors for diverticular bleeding. The magnitude of risk may differ between different kinds of NSAIDs and antiplatelet drugs, and dual therapy with NSAIDs or antiplatelet drugs increases the risk of bleeding.
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Oct 2014
Murine genetic deficiency of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS(-/-) ) and interstitial cells of Cajal (W/W(v) ): Implications for achalasia?
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important inhibitory mediator of esophageal function, and its lack leads to typical features of achalasia. In contrast, the role of intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-IM) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function is still controversial. Therefore, we examined the function and morphology of the LES in vivo in NO-deficient (nNOS(-/-) ), ICC-IM-deficient (W/W(v) )-, and wild-type (WT) mice. ⋯ The reduction of ICC-IM and nNOS can cause dysfunction of the LES and esophageal peristalsis, whereas VIP reduction seems to have no effect. ICC-IM and nNOS deficiency might be independent relevant causes of esophageal dysfunction similar to that seen in human achalasia.