Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA
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Anatomic variations of the neck musculature are uncommon and incidentally found during cadaveric dissection. The levator scapulae muscle is found in the floor of the posterior cervical triangle. It connects the axial skeleton with the superior appendicular skeleton and acts as a scapular elevator. ⋯ During a routine cadaveric dissection, we encountered an additional slip of the left levator scapulae originating from the left mastoid process. This muscle is frequently implicated in the etiopathology of neck and shoulder pain. Knowledge of this variation is not only interesting to anatomists, but also to surgeons operating on the posterior neck and physicians managing patients with cervical or shoulder pain.
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The aim of this study was to clarify the origins of the lumbricals of the foot toward a better understanding of its precise action in the gait. ⋯ The results of this study constitute new anatomical knowledge regarding the origin of the lumbricals, and provide insight into their specific role in production of gait. These findings will be useful for various types of surgery, biomechanics research, and rehabilitation programs.