Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam versus imipenem-cilastatin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, including acute pyelonephritis, in hospitalized adults: results of a prospective, investigator-blinded, randomized study.
The aim of this prospective phase II, randomized, investigator-blinded study (NCT00690378) was to compare the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam and imipenem-cilastatin in hospitalized adults with serious complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) due to Gram-negative pathogens. ⋯ The results suggest that the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam may be similar to that of imipenem-cilastatin.
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An intranasal (IN) formulation of ketorolac was recently FDA approved in adult patients for the short-term management of moderate to moderately severe pain that requires analgesia at the opioid level. ⋯ Based on the clinical trials reviewed, IN ketorolac was associated with significant pain reduction in patients with various post-operative procedures, with good tolerability.
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To determine the association between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use and the risk of pneumonia among Medicare patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ As a retrospective claims analysis, this study had inherent limitations. The pneumonia diagnosis could not be confirmed, smoking history and other health confounders were not included. However, given the large study sample size and extensive number of available controls, the results remain persuasive and confirm previous studies' findings that ICS use, particularly current use and high-dose use, is associated with increased pneumonia risk.