Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of extended-release and immediate-release tramadol HCl/acetaminophen in patients with acute pain following total knee replacement.
To evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of extended-release tramadol HCl 75 mg/acetaminophen 650 mg (TA-ER) and immediate-release tramadol HCl 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg (TA-IR) for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain following total knee replacement. ⋯ Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01814878.
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The purpose of this study was to assess how the risks of glycemic stage transitions observed in clinical practice vary with body mass index (BMI). These transitions included progression from euglycemia ('normal') to prediabetes (PreD) and from PreD to type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as from normal directly to T2D, and reversions from PreD to normal. ⋯ A positive association between the risks of progression along the glycemic continuum and BMI levels was observed in a real-world United States practice setting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of ivabradine on numbers needed to treat for the prevention of recurrent hospitalizations in heart failure patients.
Ivabradine, a specific heart rate lowering agent, was shown in the SHIFT study to reduce time to first hospitalization for worsening heart failure (HF) in chronic systolic HF patients and also to reduce recurrent/total hospitalizations over the study interval. We assessed the effects of adding ivabradine in patients with systolic HF on the number needed to treat (NNT) to reduce recurrent hospitalizations. ⋯ In chronic systolic HF the effect of ivabradine on reducing recurrent HF hospitalizations results in a lower NNT compared to the effect on the time for first hospitalization. The effect of ivabradine on recurrent hospitalizations, in addition to first events, may be a more appropriate measure when considering the impact of a treatment with ivabradine on healthcare resource utilization.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of different depths of anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function in laparoscopic patients: a randomized clinical trial.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is caused by many factors. This work was conducted to investigate the effect of different depths of anesthesia during combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function in young and middle-aged laparoscopic patients. ⋯ These results indicated that the depth of anesthesia, 40 < BIS ≤ 50, under combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia yielded milder influence on postoperative cognitive function in young and middle-aged laparoscopic patients.
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Pregabalin is frequently prescribed for chronic non-cancer pain. No previous study has examined its off-label use. ⋯ The main limitations of the study are patients' low response rate, the recruitment of participants solely from a tertiary pain center and not from the general patient population and a possible recall bias that may have arisen from the retrospective nature of the study.