Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Intraocular pressure decrease with preservative-free fixed and unfixed combination of tafluprost and timolol in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.
We investigated the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy of preservative-free fixed and non-fixed combination of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (XFG). A per protocol worse eye analysis was made on all XFG patients who participated in a recent 6 month, prospective, randomized, double-masked, parallel group, multicenter phase III study. The mean time-wise IOP decreased by 8.62 to 10.25 mmHg (31.8 to 36.7%) in the fixed dose combination arm (15 patients) and by 5.38 to 11.35 mmHg (21.3 to 41.2%) in the non-fixed combination arm (13 patients), respectively (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). The results show that a preservative-free fixed dose combination of tafluprost and timolol provides a clinically significant IOP reduction in XFG, and may offer an advantage for the XFG patients with dry eye, due to its preservative-free nature.
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To investigate the associations between obesity and any significant improvements in glycemic control, blood pressure, and lipid targets in Chinese patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. ⋯ A considerable proportion of dyslipidemia patients failed to achieve guideline-recommended targets in China, and this apparent treatment gap was more pronounced among women with central adiposity and patients with an elevated BMI. Based on the limitations of this cross-sectional study, further investigation of the mechanism at the molecular level is necessary.
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Comparative Study
Comparing two tyrosine kinase inhibitors for treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma in Medicare and commercially insured patients.
The objective of this study was to compare treatment characteristics, survival and costs for sunitinib and pazopanib for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a real-world setting. ⋯ Mortality data and proxy variables for treatment effectiveness indicate comparable clinical value for both medications. Sunitinib treatment trended towards higher index medication and total healthcare costs despite higher pre-index total costs and worse health status indicators at baseline with pazopanib. Non-adherence with sunitinib was associated with significantly higher total healthcare costs, which may indicate differences in tolerability between the two agents and requires further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Safety and efficacy of oxycodone/naloxone vs. oxycodone vs. morphine for the treatment of chronic low back pain: results of a 12 week prospective, randomized, open-label blinded endpoint streamlined study with prolonged-release preparations.
Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most prevalent patient complaint associated with opioid use and interferes with analgesic efficacy. ⋯ Under the conditions of this PROBE design, OXN was associated with a significantly better tolerability, a lower risk of OIC and a significantly better analgesic efficacy than OXY or MOR.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Retrograde versus antegrade intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect on clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures via a retrograde or antegrade approach. ⋯ Both retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing produced high union rates. We found no significant difference in union rate between the retrograde nailing group and the antegrade nailing group for femoral fractures (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.94-1.11, p = 0.59, I (2 )= 0%).