Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Two placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal studies to evaluate the fentanyl 1 day patch in opioid-naïve patients with chronic pain.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fentanyl 1 day patch in opioid-naïve patients with non-cancer chronic pain insufficiently relieved by non-opioid analgesics. ⋯ Although the primary efficacy results showed significant effects of fentanyl in the N02 but not the N01 study, overall results showed that fentanyl 1 day patch is effective and well tolerated.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Efficacy and safety analysis of new P2Y12 inhibitors versus clopidogrel in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis.
New P2Y12 inhibitors, classified as oral (prasugrel and ticagrelor) and intravenous (cangrelor and elinogrel) drugs, have shown improved antithrombotic effects compared with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in landmark trials. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of randomized trials that compared new P2Y12 inhibitors with clopidogrel to determine their efficacy and safety in patients undergoing PCI. ⋯ New P2Y12 inhibitors decreased death in patients undergoing PCI compared with clopidogrel with a considerable safety and tolerability profile; however, the risk/benefit ratio of ischemic and bleeding events should be further investigated.
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A pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that increased bodyweight and body mass index (BMI) may be associated with a greater probability of pregnancy. To address this issue we investigated whether higher bodyweight and/or BMI negatively impacted the risk of pregnancy in women receiving LNG-EC (levonorgestrel - emergency contraception) after unprotected sexual intercourse in a pooled analysis of three large multinational RCTs conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO). ⋯ LNG-EC is effective for preventing pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure and no evidence was found to support the hypothesis of a loss of EC efficacy in subjects with high BMI or bodyweight. Therefore, access to LNG-EC should not be limited only to women of lower bodyweight or BMI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of low-dose SoluMatrix meloxicam in the treatment of osteoarthritis pain: a 12-week, phase 3 study.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as meloxicam are commonly used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) but are associated with potentially serious dose-related adverse events (AEs). SoluMatrix meloxicam has been developed with the goal of enabling effective treatment at low doses. This phase 3 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose SoluMatrix meloxicam capsules 5 mg and 10 mg administered once daily for 12 weeks in patients with OA-related pain. ⋯ Low-dose SoluMatrix meloxicam may have a potential role as a new therapeutic option for the management of OA-related pain.
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Chronic kidney disease is commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may impact the efficacy and safety of glucose-lowering therapies. Canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, reduces blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM by lowering the renal threshold for glucose, thereby promoting urinary glucose excretion. This review describes the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of canagliflozin according to kidney function in participants with T2DM. ⋯ Overall, canagliflozin is associated with small, transient changes in kidney function, and is well tolerated in patients with T2DM with varying kidney function status.