Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial
User experiences with second-generation 32-gauge x 4 mm vs. thinner comparator pen needles: prospective randomized trial.
Two similarly designed studies compared user experiences with a second-generation extra-thin-wall, 5-bevel 32 G × 4 mm pen needle (PN) with redesigned hub versus four thinner commercially available PNs. ⋯ The investigational 32 G PN was associated with less participant-reported injection pain and less perceived dose delivery force compared with four thinner PNs, suggesting no additional pain reduction or force reduction benefit conferred by the thinner PNs.
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Observational Study
Healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with postpartum depression among commercially insured households.
To quantify the economic burden of postpartum depression (PPD) that accrues to commercially insured households in the year following childbirth. ⋯ Households affected by PPD as identified by the algorithm incurred higher mean total all-cause medical and pharmaceutical spending during the first year following childbirth than did their matched controls identified without PPD, but not all costs were attributable to maternal treatment for PPD. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential economic burden associated with PPD and demonstrated costs may extend beyond the mother to members of the household.