Pancreas
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For some procedures, epidural anesthesia and analgesia (EAA) improves clinical outcomes. It is used during pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) to mitigate morbidities and shorten hospitalizations. Although widespread, the use of this practice has not been examined extensively. The objective of this study was to do so. ⋯ For patients undergoing PD, EAA was not associated with clinical benefits except for a modest reduction in postoperative pain, which was limited to a single day. Therefore, in this study, the clinical benefits of EAA seem underwhelming.