Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
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To graduate internal medicine residents with basic competency in palliative care, we employ a two-pronged strategy targeted at both residents and attending physicians as learners. The first prong provides a knowledge foundation using web-based learning programs designed specifically for residents and clinical faculty members. The second prong is assessment of resident competency in key palliative care domains by faculty members using direct observation during clinical rotations. ⋯ Residents are required to complete their web-based training by the end of their internship year; they must demonstrate competency in one skill from each of the four broad palliative care domains prior to graduation. Resident and faculty evaluation of the training programs is favorable. Outcome-based measures are planned to evaluate long-term program effectiveness.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of psycho-social training for speech therapists in oncology. Impact on general communication skills and empathy. A qualitative pilot study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a psychosocial training programme for speech therapists on their performance skills in patient-therapist communication in general and empathy in particular. Twenty-three speech therapists were interviewed in a pseudo-randomised controlled trial. Communication skills were tested using questionnaires with open questions. ⋯ Communication skills improved considerably in terms of frequency of conducive communication (especially empathy) and width of conducive communicative repertoire. Negative communication preferences were reduced. Psychosocial training for speech therapists can improve communication skills manifestly and is therefore recommended for further use.
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Health numeracy is associated with increased understanding of cancer risk reduction information and improved control of chronic disease. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a primary care population to evaluate the effect of health numeracy on breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. ⋯ However, at a baseline screening rate of 85%, increased knowledge (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.08) and decreased perceived barriers (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.92-0.95) were associated with increased screening rates. In conclusion, health numeracy was not predictive of cancer screening among a primary care population.
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The role of overweight and obesity in perceived risk factors for cancer: implications for education.
Epidemiological evidence indicates that obesity plays an important role in cancer incidence. A telephone survey of 1,433 adults, aged 18+ years who reported their knowledge and beliefs regarding behavioral risk factors for cancer, was conducted. Most respondents believed that people can take steps to reduce cancer risk; however, many, particularly obese respondents, did not rate being overweight as a very important risk factor. A dedicated public education campaign focused on overweight and cancer is needed to address the significant gap in knowledge about the role of weight control in preventing cancer, particularly among those most afflicted.
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Shared decision making (SDM) and effective communication are essential components of cancer care. Residents in oncology-related specialties were surveyed about communication skills and SDM. ⋯ Only 58% of respondents had heard the term SDM, and 29% were aware of its meaning. More SDM and communication training are required for future oncology physicians.