Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
PEGASUS: the Design of an Intervention to Facilitate Shared Decision-making in Breast Reconstruction.
Studies have found varying levels of satisfaction after breast reconstruction surgery with a substantial group of patients reporting some level of regret about their decision. The variable outcomes reported by women undergoing breast reconstruction surgery suggest a role for improved pre-operative communication and shared decision-making (SDM) between patient and health professional. Pragmatic approaches such as decision aids have been evaluated, but the aim of the Patient Expectations and Goals Assisting Shared Understanding of Surgery (PEGASUS) intervention is to facilitate closer interaction between the patient and clinical team. ⋯ We report a retrospective application of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model to provide explicit detail of each step in the intervention design. This is intended to facilitate replication by other clinicians and to provide systematic guidance for others wishing to develop PEGASUS as a strategy for implementing SDM in other clinical populations. Trial Registration: ISRCTN 18000391 (DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN18000391) 27/01/2016.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Cervical Cancer Education Intervention for Latinas Delivered Through Interactive, Multimedia Kiosks.
US Latina women experience disproportionately high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates. These health disparities are largely preventable with routine pap tests and human papillomavirus (HPV) screening. This study tested the efficacy of a cervical cancer education intervention to improve risk factor knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and self-reported behavior related to cervical cancer screening among low-income Latinas who had not been screened in the past 2 years, compared to a usual care control group. ⋯ Both groups reported high levels of self-efficacy regarding pap screening at post-intervention. A one-time interactive, multimedia educational intervention improved cervical cancer knowledge and attitudes among low-income Latinas but had no effect on cervical cancer-screening behavior. Exposure of the control group to the pre-test conducted on the multimedia kiosk may have influenced their screening behavior.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Health literacy and pap testing in insured women.
Several studies have found a link between health literacy and participation in cancer screening. Most, however, have relied on self-report to determine screening status. Further, until now, health literacy measures have assessed print literacy only. ⋯ Higher health literacy scores for listening but not reading predicted being up to date. The fact that health literacy listening was associated with screening behavior even in this insured population suggests that it has independent effects beyond those of access to care. Patients who have difficulty understanding spoken recommendations about cancer screening may be at risk for underutilizing screening as a result.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of psycho-social training for speech therapists in oncology. Impact on general communication skills and empathy. A qualitative pilot study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a psychosocial training programme for speech therapists on their performance skills in patient-therapist communication in general and empathy in particular. Twenty-three speech therapists were interviewed in a pseudo-randomised controlled trial. Communication skills were tested using questionnaires with open questions. ⋯ Communication skills improved considerably in terms of frequency of conducive communication (especially empathy) and width of conducive communicative repertoire. Negative communication preferences were reduced. Psychosocial training for speech therapists can improve communication skills manifestly and is therefore recommended for further use.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Feasibility of an ovarian cancer quality-of-life psychoeducational intervention.
Diagnosis of ovarian cancer often portends a poor prognosis with significant quality-of-life (QOL) concerns. ⋯ Study findings underscore the importance of developing interventions that address the 4 QOL domains impacted by ovarian cancer and support initiating a comprehensive psychoeducational intervention earlier in the course of illness.