Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Bupivacaine added to epidural fentanyl does not improve postoperative analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patient controlled lumbar epidural fentanyl for post thoracotomy pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Continuous infusions of lumbar epidural fentanyl and intravenous fentanyl for post-thoracotomy pain relief. I: Analgesic and pharmacokinetic effects.
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Location of the epidural space in epidural anaesthesia usually involves the measurement of loss of resistance using glass or plastic syringes. In the present study two varieties of glass syringe and one plastic type were evaluated to determine the resistive forces associated with plunger movement. ⋯ Each of these values was significantly lower (P less than 0.5) than those for plastic syringes fs = 2.22 X 10(-3) +/- 0.48 X 10(-3) N and fd = 1.46 X 10(-3) +/- 0.37 X 10(-3) N. It is concluded that glass syringes are favoured over plastic for locating the epidural space because frictional forces developed with glass syringes were significantly lower than with plastic.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Clinical assessment of the muscular response to tetanic nerve stimulation.
The study was undertaken in order to determine clinical tactile evaluation of tetanic nerve stimulation (50 Hz, 5 sec) as a means of detecting fade and possible residual curarization. Forty-four patients were studied and 128 clinical evaluations by eight different observers were performed at various levels of neuromuscular blockade. Tetanic fade was detected reliably by clinical evaluation only when high degrees of fade (tetanic fade ratio of 0.3 or less) were detected with a force-displacement transducer. We conclude that the clinical tactile assessment of the response to tetanic stimulation is not accurate except at very high degrees of fade and that its usefulness in monitoring neuromuscular recovery is doubtful.