Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Humidification reduces coughing and breath-holding during inhalation induction with isoflurane in children.
Inhalation induction using isoflurane is associated with airway irritability, coughing, breath-holding and laryngospasm. These complications are more common in children. This study was designed to determine if humidification of isoflurane in oxygen/nitrous oxide would reduce respiratory complications and hypoxic episodes at induction. ⋯ Humidification of inspired isoflurane reduces the frequency and severity of coughing, the severity of breath-holding, and the need to increase supplemental inspired oxygen concentration, when isoflurane is used for inhalation induction of anaesthesia in children. Humidification has no effect, however, on the frequency and severity of laryngospasm, or on the frequency of occurrence of arterial oxygen desaturation.
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To test the hypothesis that the type of surgical procedure influences the incidence of postoperative symptoms. Also the effect of demographic and clinical risk variables: age, sex, ASA status, duration of anaesthesia on the postoperative symptoms were evaluated for each type of surgery. ⋯ Postoperative pain, nausea/vomiting, drowsiness, dizziness, and headache were the more frequent postoperative symptoms 24 hr after ambulatory surgery and they were influenced by the type of surgical procedure. In addition, the type of surgery and the 24-hr postoperative symptoms determined the degree of return to daily living function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of glucose 7.5% and 0.75% with or without phenylephrine for tetracaine spinal anaesthesia.
To investigate whether a marginally hyperbaric tetracaine solution with or without phenylephrine could produce consistent blocks as compared with a conventionally hyperbaric tetracaine solution injected at L3-4 interspace with the patient in the lateral position. ⋯ A marginally hyperbaric tetracaine with or without phenylephrine produced consistent blocks with spread restricted to the lower thoracic segments when administered intrathecally at the L3-4 interspace with the patient in the lateral position.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Antiemetic efficacy of granisetron and metoclopramide in children undergoing ophthalmic or ENT surgery.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of granisetron, metoclopramide and placebo in reducting the frequencies of retching and vomiting in children who had undergone strabismus repair and tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. ⋯ Granisetron 40 micrograms.kg-1 is more effective than either metoclopramide or placebo in reducing the frequencies of postoperative retching and vomiting during the first 24 hr after anaesthesia in children who have undergone strabismus surgery and tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Reduction of post-operative nausea and vomiting with the combination of morphine and droperidol in patient-controlled analgesia.
To determine whether low doses of droperidol mixed with morphine in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) would extend the duration of prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting. ⋯ Droperidol 1 mg before induction of anaesthesia reduces postoperative vomiting. The addition of droperidol 0.04 mg.mg-1 of PCA morphine further reduces (i) severity of nausea and (ii) rescue antiemetic requirements postoperatively. No clinically significant side-effects were attributed to this regimen.