Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intravenous lidocaine 0.5 mg.kg-1 effectively suppresses fentanyl-induced cough.
To evaluate the minimal dose of lidocaine required for suppression of fentanyl-induced cough. ⋯ The results of our study suggest that iv lidocaine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) is the minimal dose required to suppress fentanyl-induced cough when administered one minute prior to fentanyl. Any further increase in the lidocaine dose does not reduce the incidence or severity of fentanyl-induced cough.
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Multicenter Study
Early clinical experience with a new videolaryngoscope (GlideScope) in 728 patients.
To evaluate a new videolaryngoscope and assess its ability to provide laryngeal exposure and facilitate intubation. ⋯ GS laryngoscopy consistently yielded a comparable or superior glottic view compared with DL despite the limited or lack of prior experience with the device. Successful intubation was generally achieved even when DL was predicted to be moderately or considerably difficult. GS was abandoned in 3.7% of patients. This may reflect the lack of a formal protocol defining failure, limited prior experience or difficulty manipulating the endotracheal tube while viewing a monitor.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Increased incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction 24 hr after minor surgery in the elderly.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is evident in 26% of elderly patients seven days after major non-cardiac surgery. Despite the growing popularity of day surgery, the influence of anesthetic techniques on next day POCD has not been investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the incidence of POCD and changes in serum markers of neuronal damage (S-100ss protein and Neuron-Specific Enolase), 24 hr after single-agent propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing minor surgery. ⋯ The incidence of POCD in elderly patients on the first day after minor surgery is higher than previously reported for seven days after major surgery, and is increased after both propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia, compared with age-matched controls. S-100beta protein and Neuron-Specific Enolase levels were unaffected by anesthetic technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The addition of epidural morphine to ropivacaine improves epidural analgesia after lower abdominal surgery.
To assess the analgesic and side effects of the continuous epidural infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine combined with morphine compared to both drugs alone. ⋯ The combination of epidural 0.2% ropivacaine and 0.003% morphine has more effective analgesic effects than either of the drugs alone for postoperative pain relief after lower abdominal surgery.
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Case Reports
Relief of pain in acute herpes zoster by nerve blocks and possible prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia.
This report describes two cases of acute herpes zoster (AHZ) treated by nerve block resulting in immediate pain relief and possible prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). ⋯ This report illustrates the potential of nerve blocks in severe AHZ to treat acute pain and possibly prevent PHN.