The Pediatric infectious disease journal
-
Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2007
Intravenous palivizumab and ribavirin combination for respiratory syncytial virus disease in high-risk pediatric patients.
Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease include prematurity, congenital heart disease, chronic lung disease, and immunocompromised states. There is no consensus concerning the most effective therapy for severe RSV infection in high-risk patients. Palivizumab is approved for prevention of RSV disease, and ribavirin is approved for treatment of RSV infections but its efficacy in high-risk patients has not been conclusively established. ⋯ Treatment of RSV-infected high-risk children with intravenous palivizumab alone or in combination with ribavirin was well tolerated and associated with decreased mortality compared with previous reports.
-
Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialBacterial characteristics as predictors of posttherapy recurrent bacteriuria among children with acute uncomplicated cystitis caused by Escherichia coli.
Multiple characteristics of pretherapy Escherichia coli urine isolates from 39 children with acute, uncomplicated cystitis (including specific virulence genes and phylogenetic groups) identified an increased risk for recurrent bacteriuria after 3-day (but not 10-day) therapy with amoxicillin-clavulanate. Rapid testing conceivably could facilitate rational selection of treatment duration for pediatric cystitis. Certain traits might represent good targets for preventive interventions.
-
Cutaneous zygomycosis is a rare but severe fungal infection with high risk of dissemination. Early recognition, deep surgical biopsy for diagnosis, aggressive treatment with repeated surgical debridement, and targeted pharmacotherapy are essential and can prevent dissemination and fatal outcome. We present case reports of 2 patients.
-
Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2007
Factors influencing the decision to test young infants for herpes simplex virus infection.
In a nested case-control study of 478 infants < or =90 days of age, one-third of infants undergoing cerebrospinal fluid herpes simplex virus (HSV) testing by polymerase chain reaction were >28 days of age. Recognized factors, such as mode of delivery, were not associated with HSV testing. The factors currently used by physicians in the decision to order this test do not best reflect the likelihood of HSV infection.