The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2013
Comparative StudyDetecting tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected children: a study of diagnostic accuracy, confounding and interaction.
Accurate identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in young and HIV-infected children could guide delivery of preventive therapy, improve resource utilization and help prevent tuberculosis. ⋯ Our findings indicate that the TST and IGRAs perform similarly for the detection of M. tuberculosis infection in well-nourished HIV-uninfected children, but test performance is differentially affected by chronic malnutrition, HIV infection and age. Similar to TST interpretation, clinicians and researchers should interpret IGRAs in children with caution taking age, nutritional and HIV status into consideration.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2013
Group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli infections in the intensive care nursery in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli cause serious bacterial infections (SBIs) and are associated with morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis reduces early-onset SBIs caused by GBS. The effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on late-onset SBIs caused by these organisms is unknown. ⋯ In our cohort, the incidence of GBS early-onset SBI decreased, whereas the incidence of late-onset SBI for E. coli and GBS increased.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2013
Comparative StudyViral etiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized and outpatient children in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
To determine and compare the viral frequency, seasonality and clinical-demographic features in 2 groups of children (hospitalized versus outpatients) with acute respiratory infections. ⋯ HRV were significant pathogens associated with bronchiolitis and pneumonia, especially in hospitalized patients. Both, HRV and coinfections, were risk factors for hospitalization. These findings support the importance of including HRV detection in children with acute respiratory infection.