The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Fulminant bacterial meningitis is a rare host reaction to infection characterized by sudden onset, rapid deterioration, abrupt cerebral edema, and refractory intracranial hypertension associated with an extremely high mortality rate. ⋯ Fulminant bacterial meningitis is an example of an aberrant host response to infection that challenges available medical intervention.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2013
Prognostic Factors in Pediatric Sepsis Study, from the Spanish Society of Pediatric Intensive Care.
Sepsis and septic shock represent up to 30% of admitted patients in paediatric intensive care units (PICU), with a mortality that can exceed 10%. ⋯ Patients with sepsis and multiorgan failure, especially those with nosocomial infection or the presence of neutropenia or purpura, have a worse prognosis and should be monitored and treated early.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialSafety and efficacy of simplified antibiotic regimens for outpatient treatment of serious infection in neonates and young infants 0-59 days of age in Bangladesh: design of a randomized controlled trial.
Because access to care is limited in settings with high mortality, exclusive reliance on the current recommendation of 7-10 days of parenteral antibiotic treatment is a barrier to provision of adequate treatment of newborn infections. ⋯ The trial builds upon previous studies of community case management of clinical severe infections in young infants conducted by our research team in Bangladesh. The approach although effective was not widely accepted in part because of feasibility concerns about the large number of injections. The proposed research that includes fewer doses of parenteral antibiotics if shown efficacious will address this concern.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyTreatment of fast breathing in neonates and young infants with oral amoxicillin compared with penicillin-gentamicin combination: study protocol for a randomized, open-label equivalence trial.
The World Health Organization recommends hospitalization and injectable antibiotic treatment for young infants (0-59 days old), who present with signs of possible serious bacterial infection. Fast breathing alone is not associated with a high mortality risk for young infants and has been treated with oral antibiotics in some settings. This trial was designed to examine the safety and efficacy of oral amoxicillin for young infants with fast breathing compared with that of an injectable penicillin-gentamicin combination. The study is currently being conducted in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Nigeria. ⋯ The results of this study will help inform the development of policies for the treatment of fast breathing among neonates and young infants in resource-limited settings.