The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMotavizumab treatment of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection does not decrease viral load or severity of illness.
This study was conducted to determine whether treatment with motavizumab, an anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody, would decrease viral load and improve clinical outcomes in previously healthy term infants hospitalized with RSV lower respiratory tract infection. ⋯ Motavizumab had no appreciable effect on RSV viral load measured in the upper respiratory tract of children hospitalized for RSV lower respiratory tract infection. No differences were observed for duration of hospitalization, severity of illness measures or wheezing episodes during 12-month follow up in children treated with motavizumab or placebo.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialQuality of life after surgery for recurrent otitis media in a randomized controlled trial.
Tympanostomy with or without adenoidectomy is effective in preventing recurrences of acute otitis media (RAOM), but little is known about the effect of these operations on the quality of life (QOL). We evaluated the efficacy of insertion of tympanostomy tubes with and without adenoidectomy for improving QOL in young children in a controlled, randomized trial. ⋯ QOL in children with RAOM improves with time when the subjects are closely followed. Tympanostomy with adenoidectomy does not provide any additional QOL benefit for children with RAOM, even though these operations are effective in preventing further otitis media episodes.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Three-year study of viral etiology and features of febrile respiratory tract infections in Japanese pediatric outpatients.
For most febrile respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children, the causative pathogen is never identified. We sought to identify the causative pathogen in individual cases of pediatric outpatient with RTIs and to determine whether particular clinical features of RTIs are associated with particular viruses. ⋯ Viral culture and real-time PCR assays were used together to identify causative pathogens in 83% of febrile outpatient children with RTI; specific viruses were associated with particular clinical diagnoses.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Observational StudyChanges in hospitalizations for pneumonia after universal vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines 7/13 valent and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Uruguay.
In 1994, Uruguay included Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) conjugated vaccine in a 3 + 1 schedule. In March 2008, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7) was included in a 2 +1 schedule. In 2010, 13-valent PCV replaced PCV7. Catch-up immunization was offered. The aim of this study was to describe the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children 0-14 years of age hospitalized at the Hospital Pediatrico-Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell between 2003 and 2012. ⋯ Three years after PCV7/13 introduction into the routine vaccination schedule, there was a rapid and significant reduction in rates of CAP and P-CAP. An increase of etiology of CAP by other agents was not observed.