The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · May 2018
Case ReportsLemierre's Syndrome Presenting as Multifocal Pyomyositis in a Young Child.
Lemierre's syndrome is more common in young adults and the majority of patients present with pharyngitis. Multifocal pyomyositis is very rare in this setting and in young children. We present here a case of multifocal pyomyositis caused by Fusobacterium spp. in a young child. Fusobacterium should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multifocal pyomyositis of unclear etiology.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Apr 2018
Yield of Anaerobic Blood Cultures in Pediatric Emergency Department Patients.
Anaerobic bacteremia is rare in children and current recommendations advocate against the routine use of anaerobic cultures in children. However, the incidence of anaerobic bacteremia and the utility of anaerobic blood cultures in children have not been assessed in recent years. Our pediatric emergency department (PED) policy still supports the use of both aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures in all cases of suspected bacteremia. This allowed us to re-evaluate the yield of anaerobic cultures in PED settings. ⋯ True anaerobic bacteremia is extremely rare in children admitted to the PED. Nevertheless, using anaerobic cultures may increase the overall yield of blood cultures.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2017
Nasal Airway Microbiota Profile and Severe Bronchiolitis in Infants: A Case-control Study.
Little is known about the relationship of airway microbiota with bronchiolitis in infants. We aimed to identify nasal airway microbiota profiles and to determine their association with the likelihood of bronchiolitis in infants. ⋯ In this case-control study, we identified 4 distinct nasal airway microbiota profiles in infants. Moraxella-dominant and Corynebacterium/Dolosigranulum-dominant profiles were associated with low likelihood of bronchiolitis, while Staphylococcus-dominant profile was associated with high likelihood of bronchiolitis.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Oct 2017
Serious Bacterial Infections in Hospitalized Febrile Infants in the First and Second Months of Life.
Most protocols evaluating serious bacterial infection (SBI) risk in febrile infants classify neonates <30 days of age as high risk (HR), while other protocols do not distinguish between infants <30 and 30-60 days of age. We compared SBI rates in febrile infants at the first and the second months of life. ⋯ In HR infants, higher SBI rates were associated with younger age, higher body temperature and thrombocytopenia. In contrast, SBI (mostly urinary tract infection) rates among LR infants (approximately 10%) were not associated with these factors.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Oct 2017
Trends in Diagnoses Among Hospitalizations of HIV-infected Children and Adolescents in the United States: 2003-2012.
Using data from 2003-2012, we updated a previous analysis of trends in hospitalizations of HIV-infected children and adolescents in the United States. ⋯ The number of hospitalizations for HIV-infected children declined from 2003 to 2012. The decreased prevalence of several discharge diagnoses and lower risk of death during hospitalization likely reflect improvements in HIV therapies and increased uptake of other preventive strategies. However, the increasing prevalence of discharge diagnoses for bacterial infections/sepsis warrants further attention and monitoring.