The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2014
Frequency of apnea and respiratory viruses in infants with bronchiolitis.
The frequency of apnea in infants <12 months of age admitted with acute bronchiolitis was 5.16% (95% confidence interval: 3.94-6.72). Most commonly detected viruses in the 51 apneic infants were respiratory syncytial virus (33.3%), rhinovirus (13.7%) and viral coinfections (23.5%). Young age and prematurity were the main risk factors for apnea independent of the respiratory syncytial virus status. Non-respiratory syncytial virus infants had a higher rate of prematurity.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2014
Observational StudyEpidemiology and clinical outcomes of multidrug-resistant, gram-negative bloodstream infections in a European tertiary pediatric hospital during a 12-month period.
Bloodstream infections caused by multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative (MDRGN) bacteria represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate empiric treatment are the most important determinants of patient outcome. The objective of our study was to assess the epidemiology and clinical outcome of MDRGN sepsis in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital during a 12-month period. ⋯ This study demonstrates the high mortality of hospital-acquired MDRGN bacteremia in children. International networks focusing on clinical management and outcomes of MDRGN in children are required. Study of novel antibiotics active against Gram-negative bacteria should include children early in the clinical trial development programs.
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We evaluated whether procalcitonin (PCT) might aid diagnosing serious bacterial infections in a general pediatric intensive care unit population. Two-hundred and one patients accounted for 332 PCT samples. A PCT ≥1.45 ng/mL had a positive predictive value of 30%, a negative predictive value of 93% and a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 75%. These data suggest PCT can assist in identifying patients without serious bacterial infections and limit antimicrobial use.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMotavizumab treatment of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection does not decrease viral load or severity of illness.
This study was conducted to determine whether treatment with motavizumab, an anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody, would decrease viral load and improve clinical outcomes in previously healthy term infants hospitalized with RSV lower respiratory tract infection. ⋯ Motavizumab had no appreciable effect on RSV viral load measured in the upper respiratory tract of children hospitalized for RSV lower respiratory tract infection. No differences were observed for duration of hospitalization, severity of illness measures or wheezing episodes during 12-month follow up in children treated with motavizumab or placebo.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialQuality of life after surgery for recurrent otitis media in a randomized controlled trial.
Tympanostomy with or without adenoidectomy is effective in preventing recurrences of acute otitis media (RAOM), but little is known about the effect of these operations on the quality of life (QOL). We evaluated the efficacy of insertion of tympanostomy tubes with and without adenoidectomy for improving QOL in young children in a controlled, randomized trial. ⋯ QOL in children with RAOM improves with time when the subjects are closely followed. Tympanostomy with adenoidectomy does not provide any additional QOL benefit for children with RAOM, even though these operations are effective in preventing further otitis media episodes.