The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyImmunogenicity and safety of two tetravalent (measles, mumps, rubella, varicella) vaccines coadministered with hepatitis a and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines to children twelve to fourteen months of age.
This study compared single-dose tetravalent measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine, Priorix-Tetra, stored refrigerated (GSK+4C) or frozen (GSK-20C), with ProQuad (Merck-20C), when coadministered with hepatitis A vaccine (HAV) and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). ⋯ Noninferiority of both GSK measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccines versus Merck-20C was demonstrated for responses to measles, mumps and rubella viruses but was not fully demonstrated for varicella-zoster virus. The vaccines showed acceptable reactogenicity/safety when coadministered with HAV and PCV7.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2012
Frequency and trajectory of abnormalities in respiratory rate, temperature and oxygen saturation in severe pneumonia in children.
The frequency or trajectory of vital sign abnormalities in children with pneumonia has not been described. In a cohort of 2714 patients with severe pneumonia identified and treated as per the World Health Organization definition and recommendations, tachypnea, fever and hypoxia were found in 68.9%, 23.6% and 15.5% of children, respectively. Median oxygen saturation returned to a normal range by 10 hours following initiation of treatment, followed by temperature at 12 hours and respiratory rate at 22 hours for subjects <12 months and at 48 hours for those ≥ 12 months of age.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2012
Case ReportsLeukoreduction in patients with severe pertussis with hyperleukocytosis.
When pertussis is associated with hyperleukocytosis, mortality approaches to 80%. Immature leukocytes have been identified in pulmonary arterioles, small arteries and venules. Techniques aimed at reducing leukocyte mass might improve the prognosis of these patients. We report our experience with 3 patients in whom a leukoreduction was performed in the context of severe pertussis and hyperleukocytosis.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2012
Case ReportsStreptococcal intertrigo of the cervical folds in a five-month-old infant.
We present a case of severe intertrigo in the neck of a 5-month-old infant. The cause was Streptococcus pyogenes.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialCommunity-based treatment of serious bacterial infections in newborns and young infants: a randomized controlled trial assessing three antibiotic regimens.
Sepsis in the neonatal period is a major cause of child mortality in low-income countries. Hospitalization and parenteral penicillin/ampicillin and gentamicin therapy are recommended for management. Many families, however, are unable to access hospital care, and most home-delivered newborns who develop sepsis die without receiving antibiotic therapy. Appropriate community-based therapy in such situations is undefined. We compared failure rates of 3 clinic-based antibiotic regimens in 0- to 59-day-old infants with possible serious bacterial infection whose families refused hospitalization in Karachi communities with high neonatal mortality rates>45/1000 live births. ⋯ When hospitalization of sick infants is unfeasible, outpatient therapy with injectable antibiotics is an effective option. Procaine penicillin-gentamicin was superior to TMP-SMX-gentamicin. Ceftriaxone is a more expensive option, and may be less effective, although this requires further research.