Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized, controlled trial of aminophylline in ventilatory weaning of premature infants.
To determine whether maximal inspiratory force predicts successful neonatal extubation, and whether aminophylline affects maximal inspiratory force or the success rate of extubation. ⋯ Aminophylline is an effective prophylaxis for postextubation apnea in the preterm infant but does not affect maximal inspiratory force or increase the success rate of extubation in this patient population.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1993
Multicenter StudyIntraocular pressure during mechanical ventilation with different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure.
To determine the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intraocular pressure. ⋯ Short-term therapy with PEEP of < or = 15 cm H2O does not present a clinically important significant risk for intraocular pressure increase in a population with normal basal ocular tonometry. During prolonged mechanical ventilation with PEEP, increments in intraocular pressure may occur, but these increments appear to not be of a clinically relevant magnitude.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1993
Effects of accidental trauma on cytokine and endotoxin production.
To determine the effects of accidental injury of varying severity on interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and endotoxin release. ⋯ These results demonstrate that severe injury produces rapid, large increases in circulating concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 that may contribute to the frequent development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ system failure in this clinical setting.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1993
Weight changes in critically ill patients evaluated by fluid balances and impedance measurements.
To study simple, rapid, and predictive methods to determine body weight changes in critically ill patients. ⋯ Calculated fluid balances are not predictive for actual weight changes in critically ill patients. Absolute weight measurements are indispensable. Changes in resistance correlated with weight changes in individual patients if weight changes were > 3 kg.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTreatment of septic shock with a protease inhibitor in a canine model: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
To evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of a protease inhibitor (ulinastatin) in septic shock. ⋯ Ulinastatin does not have antimicrobial activity, and it does not sufficiently activate phagocytes. It is suggested that the efficacy of this agent in experimental septic shock is due to a mechanism that activates the reticuloendothelial system and septic reactions.