Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine
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Ceftaroline is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin used to treat infections caused by a variety of microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, it is not active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacteroides fragilis, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Its approved indications include community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and bacterial infections of skin and skin structures. It has also been used off-label to treat osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and meningitis caused by ceftaroline-susceptible organisms.
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The Surviving Sepsis Campaign develops and promotes evidence-based guidelines and performance-improvement practices aimed at reducing deaths from sepsis worldwide. The most recent guidelines, published in 2013, provide detailed management strategies for acute care, fluid resuscitation, and vasopressor use. In addition, the campaign has developed simple, short protocols for what to do within 3 and 6 hours of recognition of sepsis. These protocols are associated with reduced mortality rates.
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The interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene contains a single-nucleotide polymorphism at location rs12979860 that affects both the natural history of hepatitis C virus infection and the patient's response to treatment, particularly interferon-based regimens with or without protease inhibitors.