The Journal of cardiovascular nursing
-
The measurement of the pressure of exhaled carbon dioxide (PetCO2) via capnography has several useful hemodynamic applications. This article discusses integrating PetCO2 values with hemodynamic assessment. Capnography can be applied to hemodynamic assessment in three key ways: (1) identification of end-expiration during pulmonary artery and central venous pressure measurements, (2) assessment of pulmonary perfusion and alveolar deadspace, (3) assessment of cardiopulmonary resuscitative efforts. The article presents research, sample waveforms for end-expiration identification, and case examples.
-
Hemodynamic instability during weaning from mechanical ventilation is one proposed cause of weaning failure. This study evaluated cardiac power output (CPO) as an indicator of significant hemodynamic alteration and cardiac reserve during the transition from controlled mechanical ventilation to spontaneous ventilation using three clinical weaning modes. ⋯ The data suggest that CPO is a sensitive indicator of significant hemodynamic alteration and could be used to optimize cardiovascular function during weaning from mechanical ventilation to increase the likelihood of weaning success. Key words: cardiac output, cardiac power output, hemodynamic monitoring, mechanical ventilation