Journal of Korean medical science
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Sep 2022
Multicenter StudyEpidemiological Trends of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea: A Multicenter Study of the Last 3 Years Including the COVID-19 Era.
Studies on how the coronavirus pandemic has affected pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) are lacking. We aimed to investigate the trends in epidemiology, characteristics, initial management, and short-term outcomes of PIBD in South Korea over the recent three years including the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ⋯ Regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients with PIBD is increasing significantly annually in Korea. The initial management trends for PIBD have also changed. More research is needed to establish appropriate treatment guidelines considering the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Korean PIBD.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Sep 2022
ReviewRole of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Therapeutic Potential of Autophagy Modulators in the Treatment of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.
Autophagy is critically involved in the maintenance of intracellular nutrient homeostasis and organelle function. Dysregulated autophagy is likely to play a role in the development of metabolic disorders and diabetes because autophagy is critical in the rejuvenation of dysfunctional or stressed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria that play a crucial role in the development of diabetes. Indeed, systemic autophagy insufficiency led to the increased tissue lipid content, aggravated metabolic and finally more severe diabetes when metabolic stress was imposed, suggesting that autophagy insufficiency of dysfunction of lysosome, an effector organelle of autophagy, due to aging, genetic predisposition or environmental factors could be an underlying cause of diabetes. ⋯ Furthermore, clearance of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) oligomer and amyloid that accumulate in pancreatic islets of > 90% of diabetes patients was also dependent on autophagy. Consistently, autophagy enhancer could improve glucose profile and β-cell function of transgenic mice expressing amyloidogenic hIAPP in pancreatic β-cells, which was accompanied by reduced accumulation of hIAPP oligomer or amyloid, ameliorated β-cell apoptosis and increased β-cell mass. These results suggest that autophagy enhancer could be a novel therapeutic modality against diabetes associated with lipid overload and human diabetes characterized by islet amyloid accumulation.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Sep 2022
Observational StudyVedolizumab Is Safe and Efficacious for the Treatment of Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Who Fail a Primary Biologic Agent.
Vedolizumab (VDZ) is currently licensed for use in adults for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate the clinical course of pediatric-onset IBD following treatment with VDZ as more than a secondary biologic agent. We also evaluated factors associated with secondary loss of response (LOR) and durability of VDZ treatment. ⋯ VDZ is safe and efficacious for the treatment of pediatric-onset IBD patients failing a primary biologic agent. The durability of VDZ may be enhanced by introducing VDZ earlier in the disease course. Further prospective studies in children are required in the future to validate these findings.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Sep 2022
Analysis on Students' Career Preparation in One Korean Medical School: Based on the Relationship and Trend Between Career Maturity and Specialty Indecision.
For medical school students, specialty choice after graduation significantly impacts their future doctor life. Several Korean medical schools have made efforts to prepare career development programs. However, career support programs based on the systematic analysis of medical school students' first to the final year are still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the students' career preparation of one medical school in Korea using the Career Maturity Inventory (CMI) and Specialty Indecision Scale (SIS) and to explore the relationship between CMI and SIS variables. ⋯ There is an increasing tendency for career maturity by year of study in Korean medical school students. However, looking at the SIS results, the career concerns vary among the students. Therefore, medical schools can effectively use the SIS to identify the career concerns of students.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Sep 2022
Management of Contacts of the First Imported Monkeypox Case in Korea.
On 22 June, a man who returned to South Korea from Germany tested positive for the monkeypox virus using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We identified 49 contacts concerning the first monkeypox case and classified them into two groups based on risk exposure levels. Through active monitoring of eight people in the medium-risk group and passive monitoring of 41 people in the low-risk group, we identified that no secondary transmission occurred over 21 days. The prompt active or passive monitoring of the index case of imported monkeypox could prevent community transmission in Korea.