Journal of Korean medical science
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2023
Impact of Positron Emission Tomography Viability Imaging: Guided Revascularizations on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Scar on Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Scans.
Positron emission tomography (PET) viability scan is used to determine whether patients with a myocardial scar on single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) may need revascularization. However, the clinical utility of revascularization decision-making guided by PET viability imaging has not been proven yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of PET to determine revascularization on clinical outcomes. ⋯ Revascularization improved left ventricular systolic function and survival of patients with a myocardial scar on SPECT scans, irrespective of myocardial viability on PET scans.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2023
A Web-Based Decision Aid for Informed Prostate Cancer Screening: Development and Pilot Evaluation.
Prostate-specific antigen-based routine screening is not recommended for the general population due to conflicting results with mortality reduction. We aimed to develop a web-based decision aid (DA) for informed decision making for prostate cancer screening. ⋯ Our web-based DA yielded increased knowledge, decreased screening intention, and high perceived usefulness. These findings indicate potential clinical relevance, especially among younger individuals.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2023
ReviewPolygenic Risk Score for Cardiovascular Diseases in Artificial Intelligence Paradigm: A Review.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality and morbidity heavily strain society. The relationship between external risk factors and our genetics have not been well established. It is widely acknowledged that environmental influence and individual behaviours play a significant role in CVD vulnerability, leading to the development of polygenic risk scores (PRS). ⋯ Our study proposes three hypotheses: i) Multiple genetic variations and risk factors can be incorporated into AI-based PRS to improve the accuracy of CVD risk predicting. ii) AI-based PRS for CVD circumvents the drawbacks of conventional PRS calculators by incorporating a larger variety of genetic and non-genetic components, allowing for more precise and individualised risk estimations. iii) Using AI approaches, it is possible to significantly reduce the dimensionality of huge genomic datasets, resulting in more accurate and effective disease risk prediction models. Our study highlighted that the AI-PRS model outperformed traditional PRS calculators in predicting CVD risk. Furthermore, using AI-based methods to calculate PRS may increase the precision of risk predictions for CVD and have significant ramifications for individualized prevention and treatment plans.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2023
Complications of the Central Nervous System in Pediatric Patients With Common Cold Coronavirus Infection During 2014-2019.
In pediatric patients, the common cold coronavirus (ccCoV) usually causes mild respiratory illness. There are reports of coronavirus causing central nervous system (CNS) infection in experimental animal models. Some immunocompromised patients have also been reported to have fatal CNS infections with ccCoV. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of CNS complications related to ccCoV infection. ⋯ ccCoV infection may cause severe clinical manifestations such as CNS complications or neurologic sequelae, even in previously healthy children.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2023
Case ReportsLymph Node Stations of Pancreas Which Are Identified in Real Color Sectioned Images of a Cadaver With Pancreatic Cancer.
In pancreatic cancer surgery, anatomical understanding of lymph node metastases is required. Distinguishing lymph nodes in computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is challenging for novice doctors and medical students because of their small size and similar color to surrounding tissues. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the clinical anatomy of lymph node stations relevant to pancreatic cancer using newly sectioned images of a cadaver with true color and high resolution and their three-dimensional (3D) models. ⋯ The lymph node stations relevant to pancreatic cancer can be anatomically understood by using the sectioned images and 3D models which contain true color and high resolution.