Epidemiology and infection
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Nosocomial infection in intensive care unit (ICU) practice is a common problem and is associated with abnormal carriage of Gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in endogenous infections. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) is a regimen aimed at preventing or eradicating this abnormal carriage. ⋯ A recent meta-analysis has suggested a 10-20% reduction in mortality (3-6% absolute difference) with SDD. A discussion of these results is presented together with potential criticisms of SDD.