Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Dabigatran and rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism--systematic review and adjusted indirect comparison.
Dabigatran and rivaroxaban are new oral anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis after elective orthopaedic surgery. We aimed to systematically compare their relative benefits and harms through meta-analysis, and adjusted indirect comparison. ⋯ Rivaroxaban may be more effective than dabigatran for prevention of VTE after elective orthopaedic surgery but might also slightly increase the risk of haemorrhage.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The efficacy and toxicity of two dosing-regimens of amikacin in neonates with sepsis.
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common reasons for admission to neonatal units in developing countries. Aminoglycosides widely used in its treatment are usually administered two or three times a day. Less frequent doing may be more convenient and as effective. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety (nephrotoxicity) of once daily vs. twice daily dosing of amikacin in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis and report on the drug's pharmacokinetics in these subjects. ⋯ As expected, amikacin given once every 24 h to septic neonates of ≥ 36 weeks of gestation achieved higher peak levels and lower trough concentrations than the twice daily regimen. Treatment with once daily regimen did not lead to more nephrotoxicity than with a twice-daily regimen, and showed comparable efficacy.
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Comparative Study
Inappropriate prescribing in older residents of Australian care homes.
The incidence of inappropriate prescribing is higher amongst the older age group than the younger population. Inappropriate prescribing potentially leads to drug-related problems such as adverse drug reactions. We aimed to determine the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing in residents of Tasmanian (Australia) residential care homes using Beers and McLeod criteria. ⋯ Inappropriate prescribing, as defined by either Beers criteria or McLeod criteria, is relatively common in Australian nursing homes. The prevalence of inappropriate prescribing, and factors influencing it, are consistent with other countries. Both Beers and McLeod criteria are a general guide to prescribing, and do not substitute for professional judgment.