Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
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Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2 agonist used for sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ We depict the first known case of dexmedetomidine causing high fevers and delirium.
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The primary objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in patients with end-stage renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism with those in normal individuals. ⋯ The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine were best described by a two-compartment model in our study. The pharmacokinetic parameters of dexmedetomidine in patients with end-stage renal failure and hyperparathyroidism were similar to those in patients with normal renal function. Further studies of dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics are recommended to optimize its clinical use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to 0.5% ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia of ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block. ⋯ Our study indicated that dexmedetomidine 100 μg as adjuvant on ultrasound-guided axillary plexus block significantly prolonged the duration of sensory block and analgesia, as well as accelerated the time to onset of sensory block. These results should be weighed against the increased risks of motor block prolongation, transient bradycardia and hypotension and allow for attentive optimism, only if prolonged clinical trials provide a definitive answer.