Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in healthy Korean subjects.
Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist used for sedation in critically ill patients. The current study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs), pharmacodynamics and tolerability of intravenous dexmedetomidine in healthy Korean subjects. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine shows linear PK characteristics and dose-dependent sedative effects. A two-compartment population PK model was developed for healthy Korean subjects. The PK parameter estimates are similar in Koreans and Caucasians.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Lack of clinically significant pharmacological interactions between ticagrelor and enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin in healthy subjects.
Patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) receive several pharmacological therapies concomitantly, including antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents. As unfractionated heparin (UFH) activates platelets in vitro and in vivo, co-administration with an antiplatelet agent may lead to decreased clinical effectiveness of the latter. The aim was therefore to determine any potential drug-drug interactions between the new oral antiplatelet agent ticagrelor, and UFH or enoxaparin. ⋯ Enoxaparin and UFH had no effect on the pharmacokinetics and no clinically significant effect on the pharmacodynamics of ticagrelor. Ticagrelor had no clinically significant effects on the pharmacodynamics of enoxaparin or UFH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Population pharmacokinetics of ABT-594 in subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.
ABT-594 is a non-opioid, non-NSAID analgesic. The objective of this work was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of ABT-594 in subjects with neuropathic pain. ⋯ A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to characterize ABT-594 concentrations in subjects with neuropathic pain. As ABT-594 is primarily eliminated as unchanged drug in the urine, creatinine clearance and age were significant covariates of clearance with creatinine clearance being the optimal predictor of ABT-594 clearance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy of oxycodone/paracetamol for patients with bone-cancer pain: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Bone-cancer pain is a common and refractory cancer pain. Opioids, on their own, do not control this type of pain well enough, and co-analgesics are necessary. ⋯ Patients with bone-cancer pain, already on opioids, obtain clinically important, additional pain-control, with regular oxycodone/paracetamol dosing.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The efficacy and toxicity of two dosing-regimens of amikacin in neonates with sepsis.
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common reasons for admission to neonatal units in developing countries. Aminoglycosides widely used in its treatment are usually administered two or three times a day. Less frequent doing may be more convenient and as effective. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety (nephrotoxicity) of once daily vs. twice daily dosing of amikacin in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis and report on the drug's pharmacokinetics in these subjects. ⋯ As expected, amikacin given once every 24 h to septic neonates of ≥ 36 weeks of gestation achieved higher peak levels and lower trough concentrations than the twice daily regimen. Treatment with once daily regimen did not lead to more nephrotoxicity than with a twice-daily regimen, and showed comparable efficacy.