Critical care nursing quarterly
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The success of telemedicine applications within health care begins with the process of implementing planned change. The attitudes of staff and their willingness to embrace new technology can be positively influenced in order to gain acceptance of new ways to perform tasks. Telemedicine applications have been designed to improve operational efficiency and obtain improved outcomes, but system designers and procurers are dependent upon the organization's leadership to effect attitudinal and behavioral changes that are essential for acceptance and usage of new technology.
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The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) is the world's largest specialty nursing organization. The AACN Certification Corporation provides credentialing to validate nursing practice in acute and critical care. ⋯ In their role as tele-ICU nurses, these skills are applied to the assessment, evaluation, and decision support of care for critically ill patients in various acute and critical care units from remote locations connected directly to the ICU through high-speed audio and video technology. This article outlines the journey of the advent of the CCRN-E (registered nurse in critical care) credential and its place in the new specialty of tele-ICU nursing practice.
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Technology always changes, yet change or evolution within the tele-ICU has been slow. In developing a modern telemedicine system to manage acute illness, there are several concepts the developer/administrator should consider to include "scalability," centralized/decentralized systems, open/closed architecture, inclusivity of the medical community, mobile technology, price set, and governmental regulation. The intent of this manuscript is to apply these concepts to current tele-ICU technology, explain the concepts in some depth, and finally, to speculate as to how the future tele-ICU might look.
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Management of the patient in the intensive care unit requires constant vigilance and monitoring. The nursing staff, and physicians must be readily available to alter therapy in response to adverse physiological changes and life-threatening events. In the face of limited staffing and overwhelming workloads, telemedicine has become a mainstay in ensuring safety for the critically ill patient. Nurses must respond to the challenge to utilize every aspect of this technology, and to become an active partner in improving the utilization of this tool for accessing physician interface and ensuring support when decision-making and immediate actions are required for optimum clinical outcomes.
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The concept of the tele-ICU (intensive care unit) is about 30 years old and more hospitals are utilizing it to cover multiple hospitals in their system or for hospitals that lack on-site critical care coverage such as in the rural setting. Doing a needs analysis, picking the appropriate committee to oversee development of the correct model, choosing quality metrics to measure, and designing an implementation plan that has a timeline is how the process should begin. ⋯ Developing both a business and financial plan will optimize the value of a tele-ICU program. The innovative ICU nursing director will help to integrate a telemedicine program seamlessly with the on-site program to insure a successful program that benefits patients, their families, the ICU staff, and the hospital.