American journal of preventive medicine
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Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been promoted as an approach to understanding complex health problems not amenable to research conducted solely by outside investigators. Although broad dissemination of research results is a key element of the CBPR approach, existing dissemination efforts have not been assessed. ⋯ Among research meeting strict criteria for inclusion as CBPR, dissemination beyond scientific publication is largely occurring. However, myriad challenges to timely and widespread dissemination remain, and current dissemination to community participants and the general public is variable.
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Physicians are encouraged to counsel overweight and obese patients to lose weight. ⋯ In this observational study, use of motivational interviewing techniques during weight loss discussions predicted patient weight loss.
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Little is known about the correlates of low-grade inflammation in U.S. children. ⋯ Increased adiposity is associated with higher CRP concentrations in U.S children aged 3-16 years, and both socioeconomic and racial/ethnic differences exist in systemic inflammation in U.S. children. Increased childhood obesity and low-grade inflammation may contribute to later life chronic disease risk.
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The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) has been recommended for all people aged ≥65 years in the U.S. since 1983; consistent surveillance for vaccine coverage has been conducted since 1989. ⋯ National PPSV23 coverage among people aged ≥65 years increased substantially until 2000, but the rate of increase was smaller after 2000 and coverage in 2008 remained well below the national Healthy People 2010 target of 90%. Increased efforts to avoid missed opportunities for pneumococcal vaccination are needed, especially among minority populations.
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Little is known about the body of tobacco research as a whole. ⋯ The nature of tobacco research has shifted from examining the links between cigarettes and disease to understanding why people smoke and how to help them quit. Proportionately more research could focus on the environment and vector components of the epidemiologic framework, to expand strategies for reducing tobacco-related disease.