American journal of preventive medicine
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Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) often use emergency department services to obtain medical care. Limited information is available about emergency department use among patients with SCD. ⋯ Substantial numbers of emergency department visits occur among people with SCD. The most common reason for the emergency department visits is pain symptoms. The findings of this study can help to improve health services delivery and utilization among patients with SCD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of smoking scenes in films on immediate smoking: a randomized controlled study.
The National Cancer Institute has concluded that exposure to smoking in movies causes adolescent smoking and there are similar results for young adults. ⋯ There is a direct link between viewing smoking scenes and immediate subsequent smoking behavior. This finding suggests that individuals attempting to limit or quit smoking should be advised to refrain from or reduce their exposure to movies that contain smoking.
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Americans of Mexican origin are at high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. ⋯ Social influence may play an important role in motivating individuals to engage in screenings. Network-based intervention involving older individuals to provide encouragement to younger network members should be explored as a means to increase motivation to screen among this population.
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Diabetes can be prevented or delayed in high-risk adults through lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes, moderate-intensity exercise, and modest weight loss. However, the extent to which U.S. adults with prediabetes are making lifestyle changes consistent with reducing risk is unknown. ⋯ Adoption of risk reduction behaviors among U.S. adults with prediabetes is suboptimal. Efforts to improve awareness of prediabetes, increase promotion of healthy behaviors, and improve availability of evidence-based lifestyle programs are needed to slow the growth in new cases of diabetes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Promoting primary care smoking-cessation support with quitlines: the QuitLink Randomized Controlled Trial.
Counseling by clinicians promotes smoking cessation, but in most U.S. primary care practices, it is difficult to provide more than brief advice to quit in the course of routine work. Telephone quitlines can deliver effective intensive counseling, but few collaborate closely with clinicians. ⋯ NCT00112268.