American journal of preventive medicine
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Comparative Study
Cut Points for Clinical Muscle Weakness Among Older Americans.
Muscle weakness is an important indicator of disability, chronic disease, and early mortality. Grip strength is a simple, cost-effective measure of overall muscle strength. The Foundation of the National Institutes of Health recently proposed sex-specific grip strength cut points for clinical muscle weakness. However, these criteria were established using non-nationally representative data. This study used nationally representative data on Americans aged ≥65 years to identify race- and sex-specific cut points for clinical muscle weakness and quantify prevalence among older blacks and whites by sex. ⋯ Prevalence of weakness was substantially higher than previous reports, underscoring the importance of using population-level data to identify individuals at greatest risk for adverse health outcomes. This is the first study to establish cut points for muscle weakness in a nationally representative sample by race and sex.
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Comparative Study Pragmatic Clinical Trial
Diabetes Prevention Program Translation in the Veterans Health Administration.
This clinical demonstration trial compared the effectiveness of the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Prevention Program (VA-DPP) with an evidence-based usual care weight management program (MOVE!®) in the Veterans Health Administration health system. ⋯ Features of VA-DPP may help enhance the capability of MOVE! to reach a larger proportion of the served population and promote individual-level weight maintenance.
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Tobacco use among transgender adults continues to be an area of research with few reported findings. The limited literature indicates higher cigarette use among transgender adults, compared with the general population. This national study is the first to report on cigarettes, cigars, and e-cigarettes by examining differences in transgender tobacco use independent of sexual orientation. ⋯ Transgender adults are at higher risk for tobacco use than cisgender adults and risk of specific product use varies by gender. This is the first U.S. national study to assess differences in use of various tobacco products using questions that specifically ask for gender identity separately from sexual orientation. This study provides data that can inform targeted interventions to promote transgender health.
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National physical activity standards call for all children to accumulate 60 minutes/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The contribution of summer day camps toward meeting this benchmark is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to provide estimates of children's MVPA during summer day camps. ⋯ Summer day camps are a setting where a large portion of boys and girls meet daily physical activity guidelines. Public health practitioners should focus efforts on making summer day camps accessible for children in the U.S.
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A review of interventions addressing obesity disparities could reveal gaps in the literature and provide guidance on future research, particularly for populations with a high prevalence of obesity and obesity-related cardiometabolic risk. ⋯ The reviews call for cardiovascular-related obesity disparities research that is long term and includes population research, and multilevel, policy, and environmental, or "whole of community," interventions.