American journal of preventive medicine
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People living in correctional facilities are at high risk for contracting COVID-19. To characterize the burden of COVID-19 in the Federal Bureau of Prisons, inmate testing, case, and mortality rates are calculated and compared with those of the U.S. ⋯ The Federal Bureau of Prisons COVID-19 case rates and standard mortality ratio were approximately 5 and 2.5 times those in U.S. adults, respectively, consistent with those of prisons nationwide. High testing rates and standardized death reporting could result in a more accurate infection fatality rate in the Federal Bureau of Prisons than in the U.S. Testing and other mitigation strategies, including reducing the population, have likely prevented further transmission and mortality in the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
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Despite the greater risk of an array of morbidities, little is known about when morbidities occur for adults with cerebral palsy. The objective of this study is to determine the timecourse of morbidity risk/development for adults with cerebral palsy and the effect by patient-level factors. ⋯ Morbidity prevalence is already elevated early in adulthood among individuals living with cerebral palsy, with an abrupt increase by age 50 years. Preventive efforts should be adopted early in the lifespan and not later than age 50 years for adults with cerebral palsy.
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Few studies have examined the factors associated with HIV testing, specifically among U.S. high-school girls. ⋯ High-school girls who engage in behaviors or experience other factors that put them at higher risk for HIV are more likely to have ever gotten tested. However, the prevalence of having ever had an HIV test remains relatively low, indicating that continued efforts may be warranted to reduce risk behaviors and increase testing among high-school girls.
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Review Meta Analysis
Aspirin Prophylaxis During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Low-dose aspirin is used for pre-eclampsia prophylaxis during pregnancy, but a study that comprehensively investigates both maternal and perinatal outcomes from aspirin administration utilizing stratification methods is lacking. The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the maternal and neonatal outcomes related to aspirin prophylaxis during pregnancy in relation to dose and therapy initiation by utilizing a stratification method. ⋯ Initiation of low-dose aspirin administration before 20 weeks of gestation considerably decreases the incidence of pre-eclampsia and related neonatal outcomes without increasing bleeding risk.