American journal of preventive medicine
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Review
Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Prevention Among Youth: A Community Guide Systematic Review.
Intimate partner violence and sexual violence are widespread and often occur early in life. This systematic review examines the effectiveness of interventions for primary prevention of intimate partner violence and sexual violence among youth. ⋯ Interventions for the primary prevention of intimate partner violence and sexual violence are effective in reducing perpetration. Increasing bystander action may require additional follow-up as effectiveness diminishes over time. Findings may inform researchers, school personnel, public health, and other decision makers about effective strategies to prevent intimate partner violence and sexual violence among youth.
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This study examines prenatal care adequacy among women with physical, sensory, and intellectual/developmental disabilities, compared with that among women without disabilities. ⋯ There are variations in prenatal care adequacy by maternal disability status. Disparities in prenatal care access for women with disabilities, particularly those with intellectual/developmental disabilities, need to be addressed.
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Little is known about the possible impacts of recreational marijuana legalization on alcohol and marijuana co-use among underage youth. This study examines the association between recreational marijuana legalization in California in 2016 and alcohol and marijuana co-use among adolescents. Additional analyses investigate the associations between recreational marijuana legalization and co-use among past 30-day drinkers and marijuana users and the frequency of alcohol and marijuana use among co-users. ⋯ Recreational marijuana legalization may increase the risk of alcohol and marijuana co-use among adolescents. Greater restrictions on the numbers of alcohol and marijuana retail outlets and hours of operation and advertising and higher taxes on alcohol and marijuana products may help reduce the availability of these substances to adolescents.
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Most previous studies on food insecurity and cardiovascular disease risk factors are cross-sectional. Without longitudinal data, it is unclear whether food insecurity precedes poor health and how exposure timing impacts these relationships. ⋯ After covariate adjustment, food insufficiency was associated with several cardiovascular disease risk factors. Findings from this study should be replicated in other settings and populations. If verified, this evidence could provide justification for intervening in food insecurity to reduce future cardiovascular disease risk.
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Childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse are linked to adult obesity, and little is known about what protective factors might mitigate this association. ⋯ Factors previously found to promote resilience to mental health sequelae after abuse did not modify the association of severe child abuse with higher weight status.