American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Bystander Program to Reduce Sexual Violence by Witnessing Parental Intimate Partner Violence Status.
Youth who witness parental intimate partner violence are at increased risk for sexual violence. Existing data from a cluster RCT were used to determine the effectiveness of Green Dot bystander intervention to reduce sexual violence among high-school students who did and did not witness parental intimate partner violence. ⋯ As implemented in the parent RCT, the bystander training was more effective at reducing violent outcomes among those who witnessed parental intimate partner violence than in those who did not witness parental intimate partner violence.
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Little is known about predictors of military veterans' suicidal ideation as they transition from service to civilian life, a potentially high-risk period that represents a critical time for intervention. This study examined factors associated with veterans' suicidal ideation in the first year after military separation. ⋯ Results highlight the potential value of bolstering key aspects of military veterans' mental health and psychosocial well-being to reduce their risk for suicidal ideation in the first year after separation. Findings can inform interventions aimed at helping veterans acclimate to civilian life.
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It is unknown how U.S. adults' relative harm perceptions of E-cigarettes versus cigarettes and associated behaviors changed during the E-cigarette or vaping product use‒associated lung injury epidemic (late 2019) and COVID-19 pandemic (since early 2020). ⋯ Perceptions of E-cigarettes as more harmful than cigarettes increased sharply between 2019 and 2020. Increases in tobacco product use were potentially guided by product-specific relative harm perceptions because changes occurred primarily in individuals who perceived their preferred product as relatively less harmful, suggesting the need for accurate messaging of relative and absolute product risks.
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Post-stroke physical activity has widespread health benefits. Environmental exposures may shape post-stroke physical activity behavior. This study investigates the relationships between environmental exposures and post-stroke physical activity. ⋯ Environmental exposures may facilitate physical activity participation among stroke survivors. This study found that weather, neighborhood SES, and proximity to destinations for intellectual stimulation were associated with physical activity over and above individual factors.
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Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study.
Exposure to environmental noise from within homes has been associated with poor mental health. Existing evidence rests on cross-sectional studies prone to residual confounding, reverse causation, and small sample sizes, failing to adequately consider the causal nature of this relationship. Furthermore, few studies have examined the sociodemographic distribution of noise exposure at a country level. ⋯ The study provides strong evidence of a negative mental health effect of perceived residential noise, and the results have implications for healthy home design and urban planning. These findings should be validated with further studies that measure noise intensity and housing quality.