American journal of preventive medicine
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This study determines the prevalence and associated correlates of people unaware of their diabetic retinopathy diagnosis in the U.S. ⋯ A substantial proportion of individuals with diabetic retinopathy are unaware of the diagnosis. These data provide a path toward refining efforts to diagnose and treat diabetic retinopathy to decrease the burden of preventable blindness.
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A growing number of state legislatures have passed laws that restrict access to abortion care after a specified gestational age (gestational age limit laws). The impact of these laws on maternal and child population health outcomes and inequities is unknown. The objective of this study is to determine whether states that implement gestational age limit laws experience subsequent changes in rates of infant mortality. ⋯ On the basis of data from 2005 to 2017, states that enacted gestational age limit abortion laws subsequently experienced increased infant mortality rates.
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Physicians play a critical role in tobacco treatment, being a frequent link to smokers and a trusted source of information. Unfortunately, barriers exist that limit physicians' implementation of evidence-based interventions. This study examines the implementation and predictors of the Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange model of tobacco treatment clinical guidelines among U.S. physicians. ⋯ This national survey highlights the need for increased implementation of all aspects of the latest guidelines for evidence-based tobacco treatments, including community-based resources.
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Alternative measurement approaches for adverse childhood experiences (i.e., count score versus individual adverse childhood experiences measured dichotomously versus individual adverse childhood experiences measured ordinally) can alter the association between adverse childhood experiences and adverse outcomes. This could significantly impact the interpretation of adverse childhood experiences research. ⋯ Alternative methods of measuring adverse childhood experiences can influence understanding of their true impact. These findings suggest that the deleterious effects of imprecise measurement methods may be most pronounced in the populations most at risk of adverse childhood experiences. For the sake of prevention, the measurement of adverse childhood experiences must evolve.