American journal of preventive medicine
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More than one in five American adults has a disability, the most common being mobility impairment (MI). People with MI face significant barriers to healthcare access and are more likely to experience psychological distress. This study examined disparities in access to medical and dental care among people with MI and examine the mediational role of psychological distress on this relationship. ⋯ People with MI have significant oral health needs and poor access to dental care, which are partially mediated by psychological distress. Results suggest that mental health services should be considered for inclusion in interventions and medical visits can be leveraged to improve oral health outcomes in this population.
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Transgender individuals experience pronounced disparities in health (e.g., mood disorders, suicide risk) and in the prevalence of social determinants of housing instability, financial strain, and violence. The objectives of this study were to understand the prevalence of social determinants among transgender veterans and assess their associations with medical conditions. ⋯ Social determinants are prevalent factors in transgender patients' lives, exhibiting strong associations with medical conditions. Documenting social determinants in electronic health records can help providers to identify and address these factors in treatment goals.
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In the U.S., children from low-income families are more likely to be obese. The impact of parent modeling of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors in low-income American ethnic minorities is unclear, and studies examining objective measures of preschooler and parent PA are sparse. ⋯ Increasing parental PA and reducing sedentary behavior correlate with increased PA-related behaviors in children. However, more work is needed to understand the impact of high levels of parental MVPA on the MVPA levels of their children.
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Depending upon influenza vaccination history, children aged 6 months-8 years need one or two doses of influenza vaccine to be considered fully vaccinated. The objectives of this study were to quantify the percentage of children aged 6 months-8 years who were fully vaccinated against influenza based on parental report, overall, by state, and by sociodemographic characteristics, and to examine sociodemographic characteristics associated with being fully vaccinated. ⋯ Most children in the U.S. are not fully vaccinated against influenza. Reminder systems and interventions that reduce or remove barriers to children receiving their second doses of influenza vaccine may improve full influenza vaccination coverage among all children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Correlates of Patient Intent and Preference on Colorectal Cancer Screening.
Information is limited on patient characteristics that influence their preference among screening options and intent to be screened for colorectal cancer (CRC). A mechanistic pathway to intent and preference was examined through a formal mediation analysis. ⋯ Self-efficacy mediated the association between race, attitude, and test worries and patient intent.