American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Recruiting African-American older adults for a community-based health promotion intervention: which strategies are effective?
The purpose of this article is to examine the effectiveness of recruitment strategies used to recruit African-American older adults for a senior center-based health promotion trial with a 6-month exercise component. ⋯ Our results support employing a multifaceted recruitment approach and demonstrate the importance of strong linkages between the research team and community leaders in conducting health promotion research in minority communities. An innovative approach, the phonathon, may be a potentially important recruitment strategy.
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This is a preliminary report from a research collaboration between Asian Health Services (community health center); Koreans in Alameda County, California; and the University of California at Berkeley School of Public Health. This five-year Centers for Disease Control and Prevention project supports a collaborative community intervention to improve breast and cervical cancer screening behavior among Korean women. ⋯ Research collaboration between universities, community-based organizations, and ethnic communities can yield high-quality research. CSR and PAR approaches help break through cultural barriers in otherwise "hard to reach" API sub-populations. Determinants of success include sharing common goals; trust, honesty, and integrity; shared decision making; mutual respect of each partner's expertise; cultural sensitivity and cultural competence; flexibility, good communication, and mutual learning; and continuity of partners. Actively engaging members of the study population in the research process builds community capacity, thus laying the foundation for future projects that improve health status.
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Comparative Study
The influence of fatalism on self-reported use of Papanicolaou smears.
Our objective was to examine the demographic and other predictors of fatalistic beliefs among Latinas (Hispanic women) and Anglo (non-Hispanic Caucasian) women and to assess the impact of these beliefs on the use of cervical cancer screening services. ⋯ We conclude that fatalistic beliefs are among the factors that negatively influence Latinas' use of Pap smears and that it is important for health care professionals to address those beliefs. Continued efforts are also necessary to decrease the economic and structural barriers to cervical cancer screening.
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Our objective was to review historical trends in U.S. fatal firearm-related injuries for the years 1962-1993. ⋯ These surveillance data help characterize trends over time and the magnitude of firearm-related mortality and identify groups at risk. However, further efforts to improve our understanding of firearm-related deaths and injuries, such as expansion of current surveillance to include information about morbidity associated with firearms and additional epidemiologic research to identify modifiable individual and societal risk factors, are necessary.
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A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the association between childhood abuse, HIV-related sexual risks, and gender relations among African-American women. ⋯ Awareness of a women's history of child sexual abuse can assist in making appropriate medical and social referrals and can lead to the development of more tailored HIV prevention programs for African-American women.