Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Both anaemia of iron deficiency and anaemia of chronic disease are frequently encountered in inflammatory bowel disease. Anaemia of iron deficiency is mostly due to inadequate intake or loss of iron. Anaemia of chronic disease probably results from decreased erythropoiesis, secondary to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen metabolites and nitric oxide. ⋯ Iron supplementation may lead to an increased inflammatory activity through the generation of reactive oxygen species. To date, data from studies in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease support the theoretical disadvantage of iron supplementation in this respect. The results, however, cannot easily be extrapolated to the human situation, because the amount of supplemented iron in these experiments was much higher than the dose used in patients with iron deficiency.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Oct 2000
Clinical TrialCYP2C19 genotype status and intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole.
CYP2C19 has an important role in the catabolism of several proton pump inhibitors. However, the relative contribution of CYP2C19-mediated metabolism varies among the different proton pump inhibitors. ⋯ CYP2C19 genotype status influences gastric acid suppression by lansoprazole, but not by rabeprazole.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Sep 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSedation with propofol plus midazolam versus propofol alone for interventional endoscopic procedures: a prospective, randomized study.
Adequate patient sedation is mandatory for most interventional endoscopic procedures. Recent anaesthesiologic studies indicates that propofol and midazolam act synergistically in combination and therefore may be superior to sedation with propofol alone in terms of sedation efficacy, recovery and costs (due to a presumed lower total dose of propofol needed). ⋯ During therapeutic endoscopy, sedation with propofol and midazolam requires a lower total dose of propofol, but otherwise has no superior sedation efficacy and is associated with a slower post-procedure recovery than sedation with propofol alone.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Aug 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEqually high efficacy of 4, 7 and 10-day triple therapies to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with ulcer disease.
In patients with ulcer disease the optimal dose and duration of Helicobacter pylori treatment containing omeprazole (O), metronidazole (M) and clarithromycin (C) has yet to be established. The efficacy might be influenced by metronidazole- and clarithromycin-resistance. ⋯ In H. pylori-positive ulcer patients, OMC 4 is highly efficacious and as effective as OMC 7 and OMC 10. No influence of metronidazole-resistance or clarithromycin-resistance was observed.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jun 2000
ReviewReview article: alginate-raft formulations in the treatment of heartburn and acid reflux.
Alginate-based raft-forming formulations have been marketed word-wide for over 30 years under various brand names, including Gaviscon. They are used for the symptomatic treatment of heartburn and oesophagitis, and appear to act by a unique mechanism which differs from that of traditional antacids. In the presence of gastric acid, alginates precipitate, forming a gel. ⋯ While Gaviscon is effective when used alone, it is compatible with, and does not interfere with the activity of antisecretory agents such as cimetidine. Even with the introduction of new antisecretory and promotility agents, alginate-rafting formulations will continue to have a role in the treatment of heartburn and reflux symptoms. Their unique non-systemic mechanism of action provides rapid and long-duration relief of heartburn and acid reflux symptoms.