Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 2009
Time trends in peptic ulcer, erosive reflux oesophagitis, gastric and oesophageal cancers in a multiracial Asian population.
Dramatic changes in the prevalence and pattern of gastrointestinal disease has taken place in Asia in recent years. ⋯ Peptic ulcers and H. pylori infection had declined over a 10-year period of time and showed an opposing time trend with EO, which had increased dramatically. Both GCA and OCA had declined in prevalence.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2009
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyProton pump inhibitors increase significantly the risk of Clostridium difficile infection in a low-endemicity, non-outbreak hospital setting.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been linked to higher risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The relevance of this association in hospitals with low disease activity, where an outbreak strain is nondominant, has been assessed in relatively few studies. ⋯ A statistically significant increase in CDI was observed in antibiotic recipients who received PPI, but the absolute risk increase is modest. In settings of with low rates of CDI, the benefit of PPI therapy outweighs the risk of developing CDI. These data support programmes to decrease inappropriate use of PPI in hospitalized patients.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 2009
ReviewSystematic review: open, small-incision or laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholecystolithiasis.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the method of choice for gallbladder removal, although evidence of superiority over open and small-incision cholecystectomy is lacking. ⋯ No significant differences in mortality and complications were found among all three techniques. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and small-incision cholecystectomy are preferred over open cholecystectomy for quicker convalescence. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and small-incision cholecystectomy show no clear differences on patient outcomes.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical trial: the efficacy, impact on quality of life, and safety and tolerability of prucalopride in severe chronic constipation--a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Chronic constipation may result in disabling symptoms, is often unsatisfactorily treated by laxatives and negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). ⋯ Over 12 weeks, prucalopride was effective and well tolerated in chronic constipation.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical trial: lubiprostone in patients with constipation-associated irritable bowel syndrome--results of two randomized, placebo-controlled studies.
Effective treatments for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) are lacking. ⋯ The percentage of overall responders based on patient-rated assessments of IBS-C symptoms was significantly improved in patients treated with lubiprostone 8 mcg twice daily compared to those treated with placebo. Lubiprostone was well tolerated with a favourable safety profile.