Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jul 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyClinical trial: intragastric acid control in patients who have Barrett's oesophagus--comparison of once- and twice-daily regimens of esomeprazole and lansoprazole.
Gastric acid control is important for treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease associated with Barrett's oesophagus. Substantial indirect evidence suggests that gastric acid control may have a chemopreventive role in Barrett's oesophagus. ⋯ Esomeprazole 40 mg is significantly more effective than lansoprazole 30 mg in controlling intragastric pH with Barrett's oesophagus.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jun 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyGhrelin receptor agonist (TZP-101) accelerates gastric emptying in adults with diabetes and symptomatic gastroparesis.
TZP-101 is a synthetic, selective ghrelin agonist in development for gastroparesis. ⋯ This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the ghrelin agonist TZP-101 is well-tolerated in diabetes patients with moderate-to-severe chronic gastroparesis and shows statistically significant improvements in gastric emptying.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2009
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyProton pump inhibitors increase significantly the risk of Clostridium difficile infection in a low-endemicity, non-outbreak hospital setting.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been linked to higher risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The relevance of this association in hospitals with low disease activity, where an outbreak strain is nondominant, has been assessed in relatively few studies. ⋯ A statistically significant increase in CDI was observed in antibiotic recipients who received PPI, but the absolute risk increase is modest. In settings of with low rates of CDI, the benefit of PPI therapy outweighs the risk of developing CDI. These data support programmes to decrease inappropriate use of PPI in hospitalized patients.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical trial: the efficacy, impact on quality of life, and safety and tolerability of prucalopride in severe chronic constipation--a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Chronic constipation may result in disabling symptoms, is often unsatisfactorily treated by laxatives and negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). ⋯ Over 12 weeks, prucalopride was effective and well tolerated in chronic constipation.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical trial: lubiprostone in patients with constipation-associated irritable bowel syndrome--results of two randomized, placebo-controlled studies.
Effective treatments for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) are lacking. ⋯ The percentage of overall responders based on patient-rated assessments of IBS-C symptoms was significantly improved in patients treated with lubiprostone 8 mcg twice daily compared to those treated with placebo. Lubiprostone was well tolerated with a favourable safety profile.