Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Sep 2019
Risks of preterm birth among non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white women: Effect modification by maternal age.
Preterm birth (PTB) disproportionately affects African American compared with Caucasian women, although reasons for this disparity remain unclear. Some suggest that a differential effect of maternal age by race/ethnicity, especially at older maternal ages, may explain disparities. ⋯ Primiparae NHBs demonstrated increased risk of PTB, spontaneous PTB, and clinician-initiated PTB compared with NHWs at all maternal ages. However, RRs using race-specific reference groups converged across maternal ages, indicating a similar independent effect of maternal age on PTB by race/ethnicity. A differential effect of maternal age does not appear to explain disparities in preterm birth by race/ethnicity.
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Sep 2019
Perinatal risk factors associated with skin infection hospitalisation in Western Australian Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal children.
Hospitalisation with skin infection in Western Australian (WA) Aboriginal children is common, with the highest rates in infants and children from remote WA. ⋯ We have quantified the relative influence of perinatal risk factors associated with skin infection hospitalisations in WA children, providing measures indicating which factors have the potential to reduce the most hospitalisations. Our evidence not only supports existing calls for substantial government investment in addressing underlying social and environmental barriers to healthy skin in WA Aboriginal children but also identifies potential areas to target health promotion messaging at individuals/families on maternal smoking during pregnancy and skin hygiene for families.