AIDS
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To determine the effect of transfusion on hematologic recovery and mortality among severely anemic children during and after hospitalization in rural Kenya. ⋯ The use of transfusion can be improved by targeting use of blood to severely anemic children with cardiorespiratory compromise, improving immediate availability of blood, and treating severely anemic children with effective antimalarial therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) compared with amphotericin B both followed by oral fluconazole in the treatment of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
Amphotericin B deoxycholate initial therapy and fluconazole maintenance therapy is the treatment of choice for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. However, the administration of amphotericin B is associated with considerable toxicity. A potential strategy for reducing the toxicity and increasing the therapeutic index of amphotericin B is the use of lipid formulations of this drug. ⋯ A 3-week course of 4 mg/kg AmBisome resulted in a significantly earlier CSF culture conversion than 0.7 mg/kg amphotericin B, had equal clinical efficacy and was significantly less nephrotoxic when used for the treatment of primary episodes of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis.