Brain injury : [BI]
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2013
Case ReportsThe surgical management of a penetrating orbitocranial injury with a bakelite foreign body reaching the brain stem.
Penetrating orbital injuries constitute a significant threat to ocular and cerebral structures. The incidence of central nervous system damage from orbital injury is related to the orbital anatomy and the characteristics of the penetrating object. Penetrating orbital injuries involving the brain stem are extremely rare. ⋯ Surgical treatment remains the mainstay of intervention for penetrating orbitocranial injuries. The rationale of surgical removal of a foreign body should focus on safe exposure and removal of the object at the earliest without inflicting further injuries. Close follow-up for a delayed carotid-cavernous fistula is necessary.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2013
Predictors of health-related quality-of-life following traumatic brain injury.
To examine the predictive associations of family satisfaction, functional impairment, pain, and depression on health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) among persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) through structural equation modelling (SEM). ⋯ The presence of pain and depression, greater functional impairment and lower family satisfaction were predictively associated with lower HRQoL. Depression further mediated the effects of pain and functional impairment on HRQoL. The present study advances understanding of the ways in which pain, depression and functional impairment predict HRQoL.
-
To determine whether pregabalin produces long-term spasticity reduction in subjects previously identified as responding in short-term trials. ⋯ Pregabalin withdrawal resulted in self-reports of increased spasticity without a concomitant increase in pain, with 91% choosing to continue pregabalin at the conclusion of the evaluation.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2013
Minor head injury in children: evaluating written discharge advice provided by Scottish emergency departments.
Emergency departments (EDs) routinely provide written information when a child with head injury (HI) is discharged home. This usually contains advice about recognizing signs of serious complications such as intracranial bleeding. This study evaluated the quality of discharge leaflets currently provided by Scottish emergency departments (EDs) by comparing them against written discharge advice recommended by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN). ⋯ Many leaflets did not include important information recommended by SIGN guidelines. There was considerable variation in the quality and clarity of written discharge advice provided. This may reduce the ability of parents to recognize rare but serious complications. It is recommended that a standardized HI information leaflet based on SIGN guidelines be used across all Scottish EDs.
-
Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2013
Changes in personality after mild traumatic brain injury from primary blast vs. blunt forces.
Injuries from explosive devices can cause blast-force injuries, including mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). ⋯ These results suggest that blast forces alone can cause negativistic behavioural changes when evaluated with selected measures of personality. Further research on isolated blast-force mTBI should focus on these personality changes and their relationship to blast over-pressure.