Brain injury : [BI]
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2016
Day-to-day variability of post-concussion-like symptoms reported over time by a non-concussed cohort.
To explore the change (trend) in post-concussion-like symptoms reported over time. ⋯ The data indicated that non-concussed participants exhibited considerable individual variability in the symptom scores reported over time. However, some participants showed a systematic decreasing trend in their symptom scores reported over the 7 days. Caution must be exercised in interpreting the serial symptom scores that are obtained following a concussion, given that this study was conducted in a non-concussed cohort.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2016
Multicenter StudyDisability and health-related quality-of-life 4 years after a severe traumatic brain injury: A structural equation modelling analysis.
To assess predictors and indicators of disability and quality-of-life 4 years after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), using structural equation modelling (SEM). ⋯ Although this study should be considered as explorative, it suggests that disability and quality-of-life were directly influenced by different factors. While disability appeared to result from an interaction of a wide range of factors, quality-of-life was solely directly related to psycho-cognitive factors.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2016
Review Case ReportsAlzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Distinct but possibly overlapping disease entities.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) have long been recognized as sharing some similar neuropathological features, mainly the presence of neurofibrilary tangles and hyperphosphorylated tau, but have generally been described as distinct entities. Evidence indicates that neurotrauma increases the risk of developing dementia and accelerates the progression of disease. Findings are emerging that CTE and AD may be present in the same patients. ⋯ This case series and review of the literature presents a discussion of AD and CTE in the context of neurotrauma. It highlights recent work from repetitive neurotrauma models with an emphasis on those exhibiting a CTE-like phenotype. Potential mechanisms of interest shared amongst AD and CTE are briefly addressed and future experiments are advocated for to enhance understanding of CTE pathophysiology and the relationship between CTE and AD.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2016
Are UCH-L1 and GFAP promising biomarkers for children with mild traumatic brain injury?
To compare serum biomarker levels between children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and orthopaedic injury (OI), acutely following injury. Secondarily, to explore the association between biomarker levels and symptom burden over 1 month post-injury. ⋯ GFAP may be a promising diagnostic tool for children with mTBI. Additional approaches are needed to predict symptom severity and persistence.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2016
ReviewParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: Autonomic instability and muscle over-activity following severe brain injury.
Children who suffer from moderate-to-severe brain injury can develop a complicating phenomenon known as paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), characterized by autonomic instability and identified clinically as a cluster of symptoms that can include recurrent fever without a source of infection, hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, agitation, diaphoresis and dystonia. Studies with adults have demonstrated that this cluster of symptoms is associated with poorer clinical outcomes (prolonged hospitalizations, poorer cognitive and motor function). However, there have been limited studies in children with PSH. ⋯ The majority of the research regarding PSH following severe brain injury has been descriptive in nature. Few studies, however, have explored PSH in children with brain injury; therefore, little is known about whether the outcomes of children with PSH are different and, if so, in what ways.