Brain injury : [BI]
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Drawing upon sources in neuroethics, civil rights, and disability rights law, we argue for the reintegration of people with severe brain injury back into the nexus of their families and communities consistent with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, both of which call for the maximal integration of people with disability into society. To this end, we offer a rights-based argument to address the care of people with severe brain injury. Instead of viewing the provision of rehabilitation as a reimbursement issue, which it surely is, we argue that it can be productively understood as a question of civil rights for a population generally segregated from the medical mainstream and from society itself. Their segregation in the chronic care sector constitutes disrespect for persons, made all the more consequential because recent advances in brain injury rehabilitation make reintegration into civil society an aspirational, if not achievable goal.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2018
Helmet use in preventing acute concussive symptoms in recreational vehicle related head trauma.
Helmets use has proved effective in reducing head trauma (HT) severity in children riding non-motorised recreational vehicles. Scant data are available on their role in reducing concussive symptoms in children with HT while riding non-motorised recreational vehicles such as bicycles, push scooters and skateboards (BSS). We aimed to investigate whether helmet use is associated with a reduction in acute concussive symptoms in children with BSS-related-HT. ⋯ aOR, adjusted odds ratio; APHIRST, Australasian Paediatric Head Injury Rules Study; BSS, bicycles, push scooters and skateboards; CI, confidence interval; CT, computed tomography; ED, emergency department; HT, head trauma; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; RCH, Royal Children's Hospital; RV, recreational vehicle.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2018
Observational StudyConcordance of common data elements for assessment of subjective cognitive complaints after mild-traumatic brain injury: a TRACK-TBI Pilot Study.
To determine characteristics and concordance of subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) 6 months following mild-traumatic brain injury (mTBI) as assessed by two different TBI common data elements (CDEs). ⋯ BSI-18: Brief Symptom Inventory; 18CDEs: common data elements; CT: computed tomography; CVLT: California Verbal Learning Test; ED: emergency department; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; LOC: loss of consciousnessm; TBI: mild-traumatic brain injury; PTA: post-traumatic amnesia; SCC: subjective cognitive complaints; TBI: traumatic brain injury; TRACK-TBI: Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury; TMT: Trail Making Test; WAIS-PSI: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition, Processing Speed Index.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2018
ReviewExamining the relationship and clinical management between traumatic brain injury and pain in military and civilian populations.
In this review, we discuss the comorbidity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pain among civilians and military members, the common causes of pain resulting from TBI, and offer insight about the therapeutic management of TBI symptoms and pain. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating health problem and one of the most common post-TBI symptoms is pain, which can contribute to psychological issues such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Headache pain appears to be the most common type of pain that results from TBI, yet pain can also be more widespread. ⋯ A combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies is often more effective for managing TBI symptoms and pain than either treatment alone. However, future research is needed to determine the most therapeutic approaches for managing the comorbidity of pain and TBI symptoms in the long term. This review offers suggestions for such future studies.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2018
ReviewPrognostic value of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for prediction of post-concussion symptoms following a mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.
This systematic review aimed to determine the prognostic value of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) to predict post-concussion symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Early NSE serum level is not a strong independent predictor of post-concussion symptoms following mild TBI.