The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursing
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J Perinat Neonatal Nurs · Apr 2017
ReviewNitrous Oxide Utility in Labor and Birth: A Multipurpose Modality.
The use of nitrous oxide (N2O) for labor and birth has very recently emerged as a viable modality in the United States, despite a long history of use in Canada and Europe. Usually associated with dental procedures, there are significant differences between dental and parturition utility, efficacy, and staff exposure. ⋯ Nitrous oxide has proven to be especially helpful for repair of lacerations under local anesthesia and is a multiuse modality that should be available to women in all birth settings. This article explores the history of N2O use, provides a comparison of obstetrical use to use in the dental industry, examines the contraindications to, and implications for usage, and discusses logistical points of consideration for clinicians working with women using N2O for labor and birth.
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J Perinat Neonatal Nurs · Apr 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffectiveness of ShotBlocker for Immunization Pain in Full-Term Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Nonpharmacologic strategies exist to manage procedural pain in healthy newborn infants. The aim of this prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to examine the efficacy of ShotBlocker for managing injection pain associated with the first intramuscular hepatitis B vaccine given to healthy full-term neonates. This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in a private university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, in which 100 healthy term neonates were randomly assigned to either a ShotBlocker (n = 50) or control group (n = 50). ⋯ The pain scores of the neonates during (ShotBlocker group: 1.64 ± 0.80; control group: 2.96 ± 0.73) and after (ShotBlocker group: 0.74 ± 0.66; control group: 1.42 ± 0.76) the injection procedure were lower in the ShotBlocker group than in the control group (P = .000). The postinjection heart rate in the infants in the ShotBlocker group (145.02 ± 13.50) was found to be lower than in those for whom ShotBlocker was not used (150.24 ± 13.36) (P = .05). The use of ShotBlocker during the hepatitis B vaccine in term neonates is effective in reducing the acute pain.