Nutrition
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This case has been presented as pellagra, which is very rare in children. Pellagra is due dietary deficiency of niacin. ⋯ The child was given 100 mg of Nicotinamide. Skin lesions resolved rapidly with the treatment and the child improved.
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Osmotically acting amino acids can be cytoprotective following injury. As threonine (THR) induces osmotic cell swelling, our aim was to investigate the potential for THR to induce cellular protection in intestinal epithelial cells and evaluate possible mechanisms of protection. ⋯ This is the first demonstration that THR increases HSP70 and HSP 25 and protects cells from HS. THR's mechanism of protection may involve cytoskeletal stabilization, HSP up-regulation and nuclear translocation, and decreased apoptosis. THR's protection appears to involve both cell-swelling-dependent and -independent processes.
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Protective effects of trigonelline (TRG) isolated from fenugreek seed were evaluated in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial dysfunctions in adult rats and a proteomic approach was applied to understand its mechanism of action. ⋯ For the first time, our study revealed the down-regulation of Hsp27 and αB-crystallin and (CaMKII delta) isoform by TRG. As the test compound prevented the ISO-induced myocardial injury, its therapeutic use may further be explored.