Nutrition
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To assess the association between consuming or skipping breakfast and dietary quality indices such as the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), diversity scores of different food groups, and anthropometric measurements in young Isfahanian women. ⋯ Breakfast consumption was associated with higher scores of the dietary quality indices and lower values for the body mass index and waist circumference in young Isfahanian women. Further studies should be performed to determine the relation between the kind of breakfast consumed and the dietary quality indices.
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The present study was designed to investigate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the inflammatory response of peritoneal macrophages. ⋯ Chronic consumption of an HFD decreased the LPS-induced inflammatory response of peritoneal macrophages, which was associated with a downregulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.
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Knowledge about the hippocampal morphologic mechanisms of learning and memory for maternal mild zinc deficiency during pregnancy/lactation followed by zinc supplementation of pups after weaning is limited. This study examined the effects of zinc deficiency and zinc supplementation on cognition and hippocampal neurons. ⋯ The changes in hippocampal neuron morphology were consistent with the changes in the learning and memory ability of mildly zinc-deficient and zinc-supplemented offspring.
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The anticancer action exerted by polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation may not be reproduced by commercially available lipid emulsions rich in vitamin E. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of fish oil (FO) emulsion containing α-tocopherol 0.19 g/L on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and tumors. ⋯ These results suggest that FO but not SO has an antitumor effect that can be correlated with lipid peroxidation, despite its vitamin E content.