Nutrition
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Comparative Study
Parenteral nutrition mixtures prepared at home by trained parents are as safe as pharmacy-made mixtures: a 3-y prospective study.
Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) prevents malnutrition in children with intestinal failure improving chances for the best possible physical development and quality of life. For organizational reasons, in Poland the majority of children on HPN receive nutrition mixtures prepared at home by their parents. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether this method influences the frequency of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). ⋯ Preparing parenteral nutrition mixtures at home by trained parents is a safe method of HPN with a slightly (however insignificantly) lower incidence of CRBSIs compared with hospital pharmacy-prepared parenteral nutrition mixtures.
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The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether habitual coffee consumption shows beneficial association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. ⋯ Habitual moderate coffee consumption shows significant inverse associations with MetS-related biomarkers possibly involving adiponectin, which is inversely related to visceral fat accumulation.
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To our knowledge, no data have yet shown the combined effects of GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with high consumption of a fruit and vegetable diet on the body's antioxidant capacity. A 2-wk dietary intervention in healthy participants was conducted to test the hypothesis that the antioxidant biomarkers in individuals with different glutathione-S-transferases (GST) genotypes will be different in response to a high fruit-juice and vegetable diet. ⋯ The effects of a diet rich in fruit-juice and vegetables on antioxidant capacity were dependent on GSTM1/GSTT1 genotypes.
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Comparative Study
Psychosocial factors influencing the frequency of fast-food consumption among urban and rural Costa Rican adolescents.
The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial factors that influence fast-food consumption in urban and rural Costa Rican adolescents. ⋯ The development of interventions to reduce fast-food consumption in Costa Rican adolescents should consider not only convenience, but also the availability of these foods where adolescents are more exposed, particularly in rural areas. Interventions such as improving the convenience of healthy fast foods available in school canteens and neighborhood stores, policies to increase the price of unhealthy fast food, and activities to provide adolescents with the skills to increase self-efficacy and reduce the effect of external loci of control are recommended.
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The main objective of this study was to develop a feedback system that improves the translation of malnutrition performance data from the Dutch National Prevalence Measurement of Care Problems (LPZ) into relevant evidence- and practice-based interventions in care homes. ⋯ The developed feedback system was evaluated as useful for improving nutritional patient care in the future. This system will also be developed for other health care settings.